T Cell Membrane Heterogeneity Aids Antigen Recognition and T Cell Activation

Antigen exposure required for T cell activation

Background A high frequency of hypersensitivity reactions to -lactam antibiotics are observed in patients with cystic fibrosis. -lactam antibiotics form protein conjugates in vitro and in vivo, and a core group of lysine residues of human serum albumin have been shown to be penicilloylated by mass spectrometric methods. Furthermore, protein/ peptide conjugates have been shown to stimulate T cel...

B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator is a Target of miR-155 during Naive CD4+ T Cell Activation

Background: MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) is upregulated during T cell activation, but the exact mechanisms by which it influences CD4+ T cell activation remain unclear. Objective: To examine whether the B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is a target of miR-155 during naïve CD4+ T cell activation. Methods: Firefly luciferase reporter plasmids pEZX-MT01-wild-type-BTLA and pEZX-MT01-mutant-BTLA were ...

Regulatory T‐cell heterogeneity

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) preserve immune homeostasis by suppressing autoimmunity and inflammation. While most Tregs develop in the thymus, they are heterogenous in their tissue localisation and function. This heterogeneity is advantageous for the maintenance of immune and tissue homeostasis in organs such as gut and kidney but often detrimental in the context of tumor, since Treg cells can da...

The Immunomodulatory Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Regulation of T-Cell Subsets and Antigen Presenting Cells.

Human T cell activation. IV. T cell activation and proliferation via the early activation antigen EA 1

A new mAb G38 was generated against purified EA 1, an early activation antigen. In immunoprecipitation, it was reactive with the same complex precipitated by the initial anti-EA 1 mAb P8. mAb G38 augmented PMA-induced proliferation of PBMC. It was shown to be mitogenic for purified T cells in collaboration with PMA in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was independent of monocytes and other a...